Projektiranje samokalibrirajućeg naponski upravljanog LC oscilatora za niskošumnu fazno spregnutu petlju od 2 GHz u 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS tehnologiji

master's thesis

• Title (english): Design of self-calibrating voltage-controlled LC oscillator for use in low phase noise 2-GHz phase-locked loop implemented in 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS technology
• Author: Domagoj Tomić
• Mentor: Adrijan Barić (mentor)
• Committee member: Adrijan Barić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Koričić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vladimir Čeperić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-24, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Electrical Engineering

Abstract

Mikroelektronika i integrirani sklopovi predstavljaju okosnicu moderne civilizacije. Digitalni i radiofrekvencijski sklopovi velike brzine rada presudni su u našem informacijskom dobu, a oscilatori u GHz-nom frekvencijskom području omogućavaju rad takvih sklopova. U ovom radu prikazan je postupak projektiranja oscilatora nominalne frekvencije 2 GHz s mogućnošću ugađanja frekvencije. Sklop je projektiran u 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS tehnologiji te je zasnovan na diferencijskoj topologiji s komplementarnim parovima MOSFET-a i LC rezonatorom. Podešavanje frekvencije oscilatora moguće je u kontinuiranom i diskretnom načinu rada. Precizno odnosno kontinuirano ugađanje, postiže se pomoću MOS varaktora na koji se dovodi upravljački napon, a međusobno preklapajući rasponi ugađanja frekvencije oscilatora odabiru se u diskretnim koracima pomoću niza kondenzatora. Ti se kondenzatori mogu kombinirati pomoću digitalne logike za samokalibraciju. Diskretno ugađanje koristi se za dovođenje oscilatora u blizinu njegove nominalne frekvencije od 2 GHz te je zatim kontinuiranim ugađanjem moguća precizna regulacija frekvencije. Koeficijent pojačanja kontinuiranog ugađanja (KVCO koji se mjeri u jedinicama MHz/V) i ukupan opseg ugađanja frekvencije optimirani su za upotrebu u fazno spregnutoj petlji (eng. PLL, phase-locked loop) s niskim faznim šumom. Također je projektirano i izlazno odvojno pojačalo za pogonjenje sklopova koji dolaze iza oscilatora.

Abstract (english)

Microelectronics and integrated circuits represent the backbone of modern civilization. High-speed digital and RF circuits are crucial in our information age, and oscillators working in the GHz range provide the means by which these circuits work. This thesis covers the topic of designing an oscillator with a nominal frequency of 2 GHz. The circuit is implemented in 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS technology as an LC-tank based oscillator with a differential complementary MOSFET pair. Frequency tuning of the oscillator is possible in both continuous and discrete mode. Fine or continuous tuning is achieved by means of MOS varactor and the control voltage applied to it, and the overlapping tuning frequency ranges are selected in discrete steps using the switchable capacitor bank. The capacitors are being combined by the self-calibration digital logic. Discrete tuning mode is used to set the oscillator core frequency in the vicinity of its nominal frequency of 2 GHz, where continuous tuning can regulate it more precisely. The continuous tuning gain coefficient (KVCO which is measured in MHz/V) and possible coarse tuning range is optimized for use in low-phase-noise 2-GHz phase-locked loop (PLL). Also, the unity-gain amplifier (buffer) is designed for driving additional circuitry which is connected to the oscillator's output.

• Keywords: elektronika; CMOS tehnologija; projektiranje čipova; projektiranje integriranih sklopova; RF; LC oscilator; visokofrekvencijska mikroelektronika; niski fazni šum; 130 nm SiGe; PLL; izlazno odvojno pojačalo; samokalibrirajući sklop; 2 GHz
• Keywords (english): electronics; CMOS technology; chip design; integrated circuit design; RF; LC oscillator; high-frequency microelectronics; low phase noise; 130-nm SiGe; PLL; output buffer; self-calibrating circuit; 2 GHz
• Language: english
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:168:062033
• Study programme: Title: Electrical Engineering and Information Technology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike i informacijske tehnologije (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike i informacijske tehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2023-01-13 14:02:13