Procjena dostatnosti zaliha nuklearnoga goriva u slučaju značajnoga doprinosa nuklearne energije u rješavanju problema globalnoga zatopljenja.

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): Estimation of nuclear fuel supply sufficiency in the case of significant nuclear energy contribution to the solution of the global warming problem.
• Author: Dinka Lale; MBZ: 303021
• Mentor: Dubravko Pevec (mentor)
• Committee member: Dubravko Pevec (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; (Department of Electrical Engineering Fundamentals and Measurements); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Electrical Engineering
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 621.3 - Electrical engineering

Abstract

Globalno zatopljenje i klimatske promjene iz godine u godinu postaju sve veći problem te je emisije stakleničkih plinova potrebno reducirati prema preporukama IPCC-ja. Jedno od mogućih rješenja za redukciju emisije stakleničkih plinova je značajno povećati udio nuklearnih elektrana u svijetu do kraja stoljeća. Cilj ovog rada bio je razviti proračunski model za procjenu potrebnih količina nuklearnog goriva pomoću kojeg su se procijenile potrebne količine nuklearnog goriva (urana i torija) u slučaju značajnog udjela nuklearnih elektrana u svijetu do kraja stoljeća. Navedene su poznate zalihe urana i torija. Izračunate su potrebne količine primarne i električne energije u svijetu do 2100. god. Koristeći proračunski model analizirana su se dva scenarija. Scenarij 1 ima umjereno povećanje udjela nuklearne energije u svijetu te se dijeli, ovisno o tome koji će se tip nuklearnih elektrana upotrebljavati u budućnosti, na podscenarij 1a (isključivo PWR), podscenarij 1b (PWR i FBR) i podscenarij 1c (PWR i MSTR). Scenarij 2 ima značajno povećanje udjela nuklearne energije u budućnosti na globalnoj razini. Scenarij 2 dijeli se, jednako kao i scenarij 1, na podscenarij 2a (PWR), podscenarij 2b (PWR i FBR) i podscenarij 2c (PWR i MSTR). Za navedene scenarije procijenjena je dostatnost poznatih zaliha urana i torija te izračunata emisija stakleničkih plinova iz nuklearnih izvora. Zalihe urana su većinom dovoljne za sve scenarije, dok su zalihe torija i više nego dovoljne za sve scenarije koje koriste torijev gorivni ciklus. Došlo se do zaključka da svi scenariji uvelike doprinose redukciji emisija stakleničkih plinova. Na kraju su svi scenariji uspoređeni s gledišta proizvedenog radioaktivnog otpada, a najpovoljniji su scenariji koji koriste MSTR elektrane uz PWR elektrane.

Abstract (english)

Global warming and climate change are becoming a growing problem, and greenhouse gas emissions need to be reduced as recommended by the IPCC. One possible solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions is to significantly increase the share of nuclear power plants in the world by the end of the century. The aim of this paper was to develop a model for estimating the amount of nuclear fuel needed to estimate the amount of nuclear fuel (uranium and thorium) required in the event of a significant proportion of nuclear power plants worldwide by the end of the century. Current stocks of uranium and thorium are listed. The required quantities of primary energy and electricity in the world by 2100 have been calculated. Six scenarios were analyzed using the developed model. For these scenarios, the sufficiency of current uranium and thorium reserves was estimated and the emission of greenhouse gases was calculated. Uranium supplies are generally sufficient for all scenarios, while thorium supplies are more than sufficient for all scenarios using thorium fuel cycle. All six scenarios are contributing greatly to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. In the end, all scenarios are compared due to the radioactive waste produced, and the most favorable scenarios are those that use MSTR power plants in addition to PWR power plants. A model has been developed to calculate the sufficiency of nuclear fuel sufficiency in the case of different scenarios of nuclear energy use in the world by the end of the century. The described scenarios are compared due to carbon dioxide emission savings and radioactive waste produced.

• Keywords: globalno zatopljenje; zalihe urana; zalihe torija; uranov gorivni ciklus; torijev gorivni ciklus; emisija GHG; radioaktivni otpad
• Keywords (english): global warming; uranium supplies; thorium supplies; uranium fuel cycle; thorium fuel cycle; GHG emissions; radioactive waste
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:168:010344
• Promotion: 2020
• Study programme: Title: Doctoral study programme "Electrical Engineering and Computing"; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti, po-dručje tehničkih znanosti (doktor/doktorica znanosti, po-dručje tehničkih znanosti)
• Type of resource: Text
• Extent: 150 str.
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2020-09-11 11:33:32