Posljedice ispusta plinovitog radiaktivnog materijala iz nuklearne elektrane na okoliš

master's thesis

• Title (english): Environmental Consequences of Radioactive Gas Effluents Release from Nuclear Power Plants
• Author: Matea Filipović
• Mentor: Davor Grgić (mentor)
• Committee member: Davor Grgić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nikola Čavlina (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željko Tomšić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-07-07, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Electrical Engineering

Abstract

Analiza nuklearne sigurnosti ključna je za razvoj nuklearne energetike. Tijekom akcidenta u nuklearnoj elektrani dolazi do oštećenja goriva. Iz goriva se oslobađaju radioaktivni elementi u kontejment i grupiraju se u kategorije po sličnim svojstvima. Nakon oslobađanja iz elektrane radioaktivni ispust se promatra u dozama te se prati njegova disperzija u okoliš. Neki učinci primljenih doza ne mogu se vidjeti odmah već je za to potreban dulji vremenski period. Vrlo je važno pravovremeno utvrditi smjer kretanja ispusta kako bi se poduzele potrebne mjere i akcije zaštite ljudske populacije.
U radu je prikazana problematika radioaktivnog ispusta iz nuklearne elektrane te njezin utjecaj na okoliš. Detaljno su opisani utjecaji na širenje ispusta, disperzija i taloženje u okolišu. Spomenuti su matematički modeli kojima se opisuje transport radioaktivnog materijala. Napravljen je proračun u programu RASCAL za slučaj plinovitog radioaktivnog ispusta iz nuklearne elektrane u okoliš za vrijeme akcidenta te analizirana uloga određivanja kategorija ispusta.

Abstract (english)

Analysis of the nuclear safety is essential for the development of nuclear energy. During the accident in the nuclear plant, core is melting. Radioactive elements are released from fuel in the containment and grouped into categories according to similar properties. After the release from the power plant radioactive source term is measured in doses and its dispersion into the environment is monitored. Some effects of received doses may not be seen immediately, sometimes it requires a longer time. It is very important to timely determine the direction of source term in order to undertake the necessary measures and actions to protect the human population.
The paper presents the problem of radioactive discharge from the nuclear power plant and its impact on the environment. There are detail described effects on the expansion of source term, dispersion and deposition in the environment, and mathematical models that describe the transport of radioactive materials. The calculation is performed in the program RASCAL in case of gaseous radioactive discharges from nuclear power plant in the environment during accident and analyzed the role of determining the categories of discharges.

• Keywords: nuklearna elektrana; nuklearna sigurnost; akcident; radioaktivni ispust; disperzija; kategorije ispusta; RASCAL
• Keywords (english): nuclear power; nuclear safety; accident; radioactive release; dispersion; the categories of discharges; RASCAL
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:168:380842
• Study programme: Title: Electrical Engineering and Information Technology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike i informacijske tehnologije (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike i informacijske tehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2018-02-06 08:44:22