Algoritmi šifriranja: od klasičnih i simetričnih do kriptosustava s javnim ključem

master's thesis

• Title (english): Encryption Algorithms: from Classical and Symmetric to Public Key Cryptosystem
• Author: Gabriel Matić
• Mentor: Andrea Aglić Aljinović (mentor)
• Committee member: Andrea Aglić Aljinović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anamari Nakić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lana Horvat Dmitrović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-07, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Computing

Abstract

Kriptografija je znanost koja se bavi logičkom promjenom podataka. Komplementarno kriptografiji, postoji kriptoanaliza koja proučava te logičke promjene. Tokom povijesti razvijale su se brojne metode šifriranja koje su s vremenom postale nesigurne upravo zahvaljujući kriptoanalitičarima. Tako su šifre postajale sve kompleksnije i znanosti iza njih puno ozbiljnije. Neke od tih šifri promijenile su povijest, spasile brojne živote i završavale ratove. Neke su i danas sigurne. Na njih se oslanjamo za sigurnu modernu komunikaciju koja sve više raste.

Neki od istaknutijih kriptosustava su: Cezarova šifra, Vigenèreova šifra, ENIGMA, RSA, PGP, DES, AES.

Najveći naglasak je na RSA sustavu, koji je danas najrašireniji sustav s javnim ključem. Uz dobar izbor parametara moguće je izbjeći napade koji iskorištavaju slabosti sustava.

Abstract (english)

Cryptography is the science that deals with logical altering of data. Complementary to cryptography, cryptoanalysis studies said logical changes. Through history many encryption methods were developed which have become insecure due to cryptoanalysts. These systems became more and more complex just like the sciences behind them. Some of these algorithms have changed the course of history, saved countless lives and ended wars. Some of them are secure even today. We rely on those for safe modern communication that is only growing.

Some of the more prominent cryptosystems include: Ceasar cipher, Vigenère cipher, ENIGMA, RSA, PGP, DES, AES.

The biggest emphasis here is the RSA cryptosystem, which is the most widespread public-key system used today. With a good choice of parameters, it is possible to avoid attacks that abuse the systems weaknesses.

• Keywords: kriptografija; kriptoanaliza; kriptosustav; povijest kriptografije; monoalfabetska šifra; frekvencijska analiza; polialfabetska šifra; supstitucijska šifra; transpozicijska šifra; ENIGMA; kodna pričala; simetrična kriptografija; AES; DES; IDEA; asimetrična kriptografija; RSA; tajni i javni ključ; faktorizacija; modularna aritmetika; PGP; post-kvantna kriptografija; kvantna kriptografija
• Keywords (english): cryptography; cryptoanalysis; cryptosystem; history of cryptography; monoalphabetic cipher; frequency analysis; polialphabetic cipher; substitution cipher; transposition cipher; ENIGMA; code talkers; symmetric cryptography; AES; DES; IDEA; asymmetric cryptography; RSA; secret and public key; factorization; modular arithmetic; PGP; post-quantum cryptography; quantum cryptography
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:168:967064
• Study programme: Title: Computing; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka računarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka računarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2023-01-13 10:23:17