Liberalizacija željezničkog putničkog prijevoza

professional thesis

• Title (english): Liberalization of railway passenger transportatio
• Author: Dragica Flam
• Mentor: Nikoleta Radionov (mentor)
• Committee member: Jasenko Marin (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nikoleta Radionov (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Dražić Lutilsky (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Electrical Engineering

Abstract

Heterogenost željezničkih tržišta država članica Europske unije velik je kamen spoticanja u izgradnji jedinstvenog željezničkog europskog prostora, odnosno jedinstvenog tržišta. Unatoč kompleksnom procesu stvaranja jedinstvenog liberaliziranog tržišta, postoje države poput Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva i Švedske, koje su po tom pitanju otišle puno dalje od drugih država, i više od onog što je nalagalo zakonodavstvo, te pokazale koje sve prednosti donosi takvo tržište. Proces liberalizacije željezničkog prijevoza je dug i spor, a započeo je početkom 90-ih godina prošlog stoljeća donošenjem direktiva. Završna faza otvaranja tržišta putničkog prijevoza započela je krajem 2016. godine, odnosno izglasavanjem 4. željezničkog paketa, koji ima za cilj otvaranje tržišta za usluge domaćeg željezničkog prijevoza putnika. Već davno je postalo jasno da se usluga putničkog prijevoza ne može u cijelosti prepustiti tržištu. Naime, prijevoznici koji posluju na principima tržišne ekonomije uslugu prijevoza ne bi pružali uvijek ili usluga ne bi bila u opsegu koji je u javnom interesu. Zbog navedenog je razvijen institut javne usluge, koji karakterizira to što država ili neko tijelo lokalne ili regionalne samouprave, financira pružanje navedene usluge. Takav sustav je potreban i mora opstati i u liberaliziranom tržištu, ali nadležna tijela subvenciju više neće moći dodjeljivati izravno nacionalnom monopolisti, već se provođenje konkurentnog natječajnog postupka uvodi kao pravilo. U procesu liberalizacije država je svoje ovlasti delegirala regulatornim tijelima, koja svojim postupanjem, bilo po službenoj dužnosti ili na zahtjev nekog od prijevoznika, moraju osigurati jednake i transparentne uvjete za sve prijevoznike na tržištu. Rad regulatora u konačnici treba omogućiti bolje uvjete za krajnje korisnike prijevoznih usluga – putnike. Hrvatska regulatorna agencija za mrežne djelatnosti je u Republici Hrvatskoj nadležna za tržište željezničkih usluga.

Abstract (english)

The heterogeneity of the railway market of the EU Member States is a major stumbling block in the construction of a Single European Railway Area, or single market. Despite the complex process of creating a single liberalized market, there are countries like the United Kingdom and Sweden, that went far beyond on this issue than other countries, and done much more than the legislation imposed and they showed all the advantages of bringing such a market. The process of liberalization of rail transport is long and slow, and it started at the beginning of the 90s of the last century by adopting several directives. The final stage of the passenger service market opening began in the end of 2016 by bringing 4th railway package, which aims at opening of the market for domestic passenger transport services by rail. Long ago it became clear that the passenger transport services can not be entirely left to the market. Railway undertakings operating on the principles of market economy woluldn not provided transport services always or services would not be to the extent that it is in the public interest. Because of this the term of public services was developed, which is characterized by the fact that providing these services is funded by the State or local or regional government, Such a concept is required and must survive in a liberalized market, but the authorities will no longer be able to grant subsidy direct to the national monopolists, since the implementation of a competitive tendering procedure introduced as a rule. In the liberalization process the State delegated its authorities to the regulatory authorities, which are entitled to act on their own initiative or at the request of one of the railway undertakings, in oreder to provide equal and transparent conditions for all undertakings on the market. Regulatory Bodies work should ultimately provide better conditions for end-users of transport services - passengers. Croatian Regulatory Authority for Network Industries is in the Republic of Croatia in charge of railway services market.

• Keywords: željeznica; željeznički putnički prijevoz; liberalizacija; zakonodavstvo; regulacija; regulatorno tijelo; javne usluge; ugovor o obavljanju javnih usluga
• Keywords (english): railway; railway passenger transport; liberalization; legislation; regulation; regulatory body; public service obligation; public service contract
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:168:178930
• Study programme: Title: Electronic Communications Market Regulation; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate specialist; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni specijalist regulacije tržišta elektroničkih komunikacija (sveučilišni specijalist regulacije tržišta elektroničkih komunikacija)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2022-09-28 08:21:06