Plasma kao rješenje problema skalabilnosti platforme Ethereum

master's thesis

• Title (english): Plasma as a Potential Solution to Scalability Problem of the Ethereum Platform
• Author: Toma Majić
• Mentor: Ivana Podnar Žarko (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivana Podnar Žarko (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mario Kušek (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Gordan Ježić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-07-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Computing

Abstract

Sustav za nagrađivanje korisnika koji dijele podatke namijenjen je demonstraciji Plasme kao jednog od predloženih rješenja za skaliranje platforme Ethereum. Plasma je skup pravila i najboljih praksi koje određuju način na koji se povezuju podlanci s glavnom lancem sustava Ethereum. Glavni lanac, u ovom slučaju, preuzima ulogu suca u svim sporovima koji se događaju na Plasma podlancu. Sustav za nagrađivanje odabran je kao primjer zato što generira vrlo veliku količinu transakcija u produkcijskoj okolini. U stvarnom svijetu, podatci generirani s korisničkih senzora stvorili bi konstantan tok podataka koji bi morao biti obrađen na pametnom ugovoru – aplikaciji koja se izvodi u raspodijeljenoj okolini sustava Ethereum. S obzirom na probleme propusnosti transakcija s kojima se sustav susreće, potrebno je rješenje koje će uvelike povećati kapacitet sustava u smislu količine obradivih transakcija u sekundi.
Oslanjajući se na prakse definirane Plasma pravilima, sustav za nagrađivanje razvijen na podlancu omogućuje upravo to. Korisnicima je omogućeno konstantno dijeljenje podataka, za koje su nagrađeni od strane sustava koji validaciju vrši putem pametnog ugovora objavljenog na podlancu. Kako bi korisnici imali koristi od nagradnih tokena koje im dodijeli sustav, omogućeno im je sigurno i jednostavno prebacivanje sredstava s Plasma podlanca na glavni lanac sustava Ethereum.
U okviru ovog rada je razvijen sustav u raspodijeljenoj okolini, s visokom propusnošću transakcija i visokom razinom sigurnosti koji garantira platforma Ethereum.

Abstract (english)

The system that rewards data sharing users is meant to demonstrate Plasma as one of the solutions for scaling the Ethereum platform. Plasma is a set of rules and best practices which define the way sidechains are connected to the main Ethereum chain. The main chain, in this case, acts as a judge in any dispute that happens between users on the Plasma sidechain. The rewarding system is chosen for this demonstration because it would generate a large number of transactions in a production environment. In the real world, the data generated on the users' devices would create a constant stream of data which would have to be processed by a smart contract - an application running in the distributed environment of the Ethereum ecosystem. Because of the problems with transaction throughput Ethereum is facing all the time, a solution is needed to increase the number of transactions processed by the system per second.
Relying on the best practices defined by the rules of Plasma, the rewarding system, developed on a sidechain, provides the needed solution. Using the sidechain system, users can constantly share their data and get rewarded for it by the system which is validating the incoming data on a smart contract which is deployed on a sidechain. Users also have the ability to securely transfer their assets back from the Plasma sidechain, to the Ethereum main chain.
The practical part of this project is a system in a distributed environment, with high transaction throughput and a high level of security, which is guaranteed by the Ethereum platform.

• Keywords: Blok-lanac; raspodijeljeni sustav; kriptografija; Bitcoin; Ethereum; skalabilnost; Plasma
• Keywords (english): Blockchain; distributed system; cryptography; Bitcoin; Ethereum; scalability; Plasma
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:168:359849
• Study programme: Title: Computing; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka računarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka računarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2020-01-07 19:56:54