Nadzor kvalitete električne energije

scientific master's theses

• Title (english): Power quality monitoring
• Author: Vanja Varda
• Mentor: Sejid Tešnjak (mentor)
• Committee member: Tomislav Tomiša (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sejid Tešnjak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matislav Majstrović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ante Marušić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; (Department of Energy and Power Systems); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2004-07-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Electrical Engineering; Power Engineering
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 621.3 - Electrical engineering ; 658 - Business management, administration. Commercial organization

Abstract

Liberalizacijom tržišta električne energije nastale su velike promjene u području opskrbe električnom energijom. Dok je prije električna energija bila javna usluga, danas je postala robom s kojom se trguje na otvorenom tržištu, a koja mora ispunjavati zadane kriterije kvalitete. Pri tome se može govoriti o dvije glavne grupe pokazatelja kvalitete električne:
* pokazatelji vezani uz kvalitetu isporuke (učestalost i trajanje prekida)
* pokazatelji vezani uz kvalitetu napona (padovi napona, propadi, brze promjene napona, udio viših harmonika)
Prva grupa pokazatelja odnosi se na kvalitetu isporuke električne energije u razdjelnim elektroenergetskim mrežama. Druga grupa pokazatelja sadžana je u standardu EN 50160 (postavlja 13 pokazatelja kvalitete napona) kojim su opisane značajke napona na mjestu priključka potrošača u NN i SN mrežama pri normalnim pogonskim uvjetima.
Adekvatnim nadzorom spomenutih pokazatelja mogu se odrediti ciljevi u svezi kvalitete isporuke električne energije, te optimalni načini njihovog ostvarivanja, kao i način osiguranja odgovarajuće kvalitete isporučene električne energije potrošačima.
Naime, svaki bi potrošač električne energije u uvjetima otvorenog tržišta električnom energijom prilikom ugovaranja s dobavljačem električne energije trebao specificirati svoje zahtjeve s obzirom na kvalitetu i sukladno k tome odgovarajuću cijenu po jedinici isporučene energije.
Veoma visoki zahtjevi na kvalitetu električne energije mogli bi rezultirati visokim investicijskim ulaganjima, odnosno pre(visokom) cijenom električne energije. Zbog toga se teži uspostavljanju takvih ciljeva u području kvalitete električne energije koji su ostvarivi u realnim okolnostima, uz prihvatljive troškove (cost-benfit analiza).
U horizontalno strukturiranim elektroenergetskim sustavima (sustav liberaliziranog- otvorenog tržišta električne energije) će se na planiranje, izgradnju i pogon mreže gledati na drugačiji način, pri čemu će vrlo važnu ulogu imati sve značajne veličine koje se temelje na kvaliteti električne energije, čime će upravo taj pojam zauzimati središnje mjesto.

Abstract (english)

Major changes have developed in the field of electrical energy supply as a result of liberalization of electrical power market. While electrical power used to be a public service, today, it has become as product, freely traded on open market, whilst it must meet predetermined quality standards. There are two main groups that determine power quality:
* factors that are in connection to quality of delivery (frequency and duration of breaks)
* factors that are in connection to voltage quality (voltage drops, surges, quick voltage changes, higher harmonics)
First group of factors are in relation to power quality in distribution networks. Second group of factors is combined in standard EN 50160 (that lays down 13 key elements of voltage quality) and describes voltage at consumer connection point in low voltage and mid range voltage networks under standard conditions.
Adequate monitoring of above mentioned factors can be used to determine the goals in relation to power quality monitoring, optimal ways of conducting them as well as enabling sufficient power quality distributed to consumers.
By doing so, every consumer of power energy in open market conditions, should specify its quality demands when the connection contract is agreed upon and in relation to its demands, set price per single delivery unit of power energy.
Reasonably high demands on power quality standard can result in high investment levels leading to (too) high cost of power energy. That being taken into consideration, power quality demands are laid down in reachable terms with acceptable levels of investment cost (cost-benefit analysis).
Horizontally structured power energy systems (system of liberal-open market of power) considers planning, construction and operation of power network from another perspective, that consider all major elements based on power quality monitoring, making that very term a central consideration point.

• Keywords: Liberalizacija; kvaliteta isporuke; kvaliteta napona; pokazatelji kvalitete; nadzor kvalitete; cost-benefit analiza; horizontalno i vertikalno struktuirani EES
• Keywords (english): Liberalization; power quality; voltage quality; quality factors; power quality monitoring; cost-benefit analysis; horizontally and vertically structured power networks
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:168:579398
• Study programme: Title: Postgraduate master programme in electrical engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: Magistar znanosti elektrotehnike (Magistar znanosti elektrotehnike)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2019-06-26 13:35:58