Zasnivanje prilagodljivih sučelja za interaktivne sustave učenja

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): Foundation of Adaptive Interfaces for Computerized Educational Systems
• Author: Andrina Granić
• Mentor: Vlado Glavinić (mentor)
• Committee member: Leo Budin (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vlado Glavinić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Slavomir Stankov (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Bojana Dalbelo-Bašić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vlatko Čerić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; (Department of Electronics, Microelectronics, Computer and Intelligent Systems); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Computing
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 004 - Computer science and technology. Computing. Data processing

Abstract

Inteligentni tutorski sustavi, ITSovi, predstavljaju generaciju računalnom podržanih sustava obrazovanja koji nastoje imitirati sposobnosti živog učitelja, prilagođavanjem kako samog sadržaja tako i načina poimanja područnog znanja u ovisnosti o učenikovim sposobnostima. Potreba stjecanja različitih područnih znanja umjesto kreiranja specijaliziranih ITSova, rezultirala je razvojem generatora inteligentnih tutorskih sustava nazvanih autorske ljuske. Višemedijske autorske ljuske osiguravaju korisnike, kako učenike, tako i učitelje, s višemedijskim interaktivnim okruženjem namijenjenim ostvarivanju procesa učenja i poučavanja. Razmatranjem inteligentnih višemedijskih autorskih ljuski zaključuje se da bi se ugradnjom prilagodljivosti u odnosno korisničko sučelje zasigurno povećala njihova djelotvornost, učinkovitost i posebno upotrebljivost. Inkrementalni postupak razvoja inteligentne višemedijske autorske ljuske s prilagodljivim sučeljem naslovljen istraživanjima prikazanim u radu temelji se na zvjezdastom ciklusu života razvoja sučelja između korisnika (učitelja i učenika) i sustava čije je središnje mjesto vrednovanje, te uključuje: (i) primjenu metodologija i principa dizajniranja i izgradnje upotrebljivih računalnih sustava općenito, (ii) specifikaciju funkcionalnosti sustava, kao i “izgleda i osjećaja” odnosnog korisničkog sučelja, (iii) formalno vrednovanje upotrebljivosti koje uključuje postavljanje kvantitativnih ciljeva izvršavanja, te empirijska ispitivanja s pravim korisnicima, (iv) dizajniranje ugradnjom mehanizma automatskog identificiranja korisnikovih individualnih razlika i promjena njezinog/njegovog znanja i ponašanja za vrijeme interakcije, te automatskog odabiranja prikladnog izgleda sučelja, (v) implementiranje i (vi) ponovno formalnim pristupom vrednovanje redizajnirane verzije sustava. Vrednovanje upotrebljivosti temeljeno na scenariju je razvijeni formalni pristup vrednovanju postojeće inteligentne višemedijske autorske ljuske Tutor-Expert System, odnosno njezinog modula/ljuske Developing namijenjene izgradnji specijaliziranih inteligentnih tutorskih sustava. Razrađena ispitna okolina i primijenjeni postupak vrednovanja omogućavaju ispitivanje udovoljavanja postavljenim kvantitativnim ciljevima izvršavanja, te ujedno ukazuju na glavne probleme interakcije. Adaptive Knowledge Base Builder, AKBB, prema pravilima struke, a u skladu s referentnim modelom prilagodljivog sustava, razvijena i vrednovana ljuska s prilagodljivim korisničkim sučeljem, omogućava izgradnju baza po volji odabranih područnih znanja. Ljuska je zasnovana na osnovnoj funkcionalnosti modula/ljuske Developing sustava Tutor-Expert System. Ljuska Adaptive Knowledge Base Builder posjeduje mehanizam identificiranja promjena kako korisnikovog znanja, tako i njezinog/njegovog ponašanja za vrijeme interakcije, te u skladu s time za automatsko odabiranje jednog od moguća tri različita dizajna sučelja – naredbeno sučelje, miješano sučelje i grafičko sučelje. Dinamičko, prilagodljivo korisničko sučelje ljuske AKBB povećava učinkovitost cjelokupnog procesa poučavanja, te ujedno osigurava harmoniju između učenika, učitelja, zadataka, okruženja, te same ljuske Adaptive Knowledge Base Builder.

Abstract (english)

Intelligent tutoring systems, ITSs, are a generation of computerized educational systems, which attempt to mimic the capabilities of human teachers by adjusting the contents and the way of domain knowledge perception depending on student’s learning capabilities. As the need to cover a variety of different domain knowledge have arisen since, instead of having a number of specialized intelligent tutoring systems, ITS generators were developed usually denoted as authoring shells. Hypermedia authoring shells are intended to adjust to teachers as well as to students within a hypermedia interactive learning environment. Considering intelligent hypermedia authoring shells it can be noted that the incorporation of adaptivity into the respective user interface enables the improvement of their efficiency, effectiveness and especially usability. Incremental approach to the development of intelligent hypermedia authoring shell with adaptive interface addressed in these research is based on a star life cycle development of the interface between user (teacher or student) and system, with evaluation as a central and most focal point of the star, and encompasses: (i) employment of methodologies and design principles of usable computer systems in general, (ii) the specification of system’s functionality and “look and feel” of the respective interface, (iii) formal usability evaluation which involves setting of quantitative goals of execution, as well as empirical testing with real users, (iv) designing with the incorporation of the identification of user’s individual differences and also her/his changing knowledge and behaviour over time during the system's usage, and automatic selection of the appropriate interface design, (v) implementation, as well as (vi) formal evaluation of the redesigned version. Scenario-based usability evaluation is a formal approach to the evaluation of an existing intelligent hypermedia authoring shell Tutor-Expert System, more specifically its module/shell Developing intended for the development of specialized intelligent tutoring systems. Testing environment along with performed usability evaluation serve as a measure of whether the current interface design meets the specification and in what respect, as well as indicates main interaction problems. Adaptive Knowledge Base Builder, AKBB, is an arbitrary domain knowledge base generator with adaptive interface, developed and evaluated according to the reference model of an adaptive system. It is conceptualized upon the basic functionality of the Developing module/shell of Tutor-Expert System. Adaptive Knowledge Base Builder’s mechanism of identification of users’ individual differences and also her/his changing knowledge and behaviour over time during the system's usage, enables automatic adequate selection among three different kinds of interfaces – command interface, mixed interface and graphical interface. Dynamic, adaptive AKBB’s user interface increases the effectiveness and efficiency of the learning process and enables harmony among student, teacher, task, environment, as well as an Adaptive Knowledge Base Builder shell itself.

• Keywords: Računalom podržani sustavi obrazovanja; inteligentni tutorski sustavi; autorske ljuske; korisnička sučelja; prilagodljiva korisnička sučelja; koncept upotrebljivosti; vrednovanje upotrebljivosti; inteligentna višemedijska autorska ljuska s prilagodljivm sučeljem
• Keywords (english): Computerized educational systems; intelligent tutoring systems; authoring shells; user interfaces; adaptive user interfaces; concept of usability; usability evaluation; intelligent hypermedia authoring shell with adaptive interface
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:168:421778
• Study programme: Title: Computer Science; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: Doktor znanosti (Doktor znanosti)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2019-04-29 12:51:49