Niz ultrazvučnih senzora za određivanje položaja objekta

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Ultrasound sensor array for determination of object's position
• Author: Tomislav Bačurin
• Mentor: Darko Vasić (mentor)
• Committee member: Darko Vasić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tihomir Marjanović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davorin Ambruš (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-09-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Computing
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Electrical Engineering

Abstract

Ultrazvučni senzori imaju veliku primjenu u određivanju položaja i dimenzija objekata. Njihov princip rada se temelji na piezoelektričnom efektu. Piezo električni efekt je pojava električne polaziracije u materijalu koji se savija pod pritiskom. Stalnim slanjem ultrazvučnog signala i njegovom refleksijom, materijal se mehanički napreže i proizvodi električne impulse. U ovome radu je razvijen osnovni element ultrazvučnog sustava za određivanje položaja, sastavljen od jednog odašiljača i prijemnika. Odaslani ultrazvučni signal se reflektira od prijemnika i vraća odašiljaču te se na temelju širine primljenog impulsa dobije udaljenost odašiljača od prijemnika. U radu je korišten mikrokontroler MSP430F2274 i njegova razvojna okolina eZ430-RF2500 s kojeg se šalje paket impulsa s pauzom frekvencije 40 kHz na odašiljač. Primljeni signal se pojačava, pojasnopropusno filtrira i digitalizira. Iz podataka o kašnjenju signala u odnosu na početak pobude određuje se udaljenost odašiljača. Mjerenjima na različitim pravocrtnim udaljenostima utvrđen je refleksije na signal. Za određivanje položaja potrebno je postaviti minimalno tri prijemnika raspoređena na rubnim dijelovima mjernog sustava i objekt unutar mjernog sustava na koji je stavljen odašiljač. Završno bi algoritam bio baziran na izračunu sjecišta triju kružnica čiji su polumjeri udaljenosti odašiljača od svakog od prijemnika.

Abstract (english)

Ultrasonic sensors have great use in determining the position and dimensions of objects. Their working principle is based on the piezoelectric effect. The
piezoelectric effect is the appearance of an electric polarization in a material that strains under stress. By constantly sending an ultrasonic signal and with its reflection, the material is mechanically stressed and generates electrical impulses. In this paper is developed a basic element of ultrasonic system for determining position, consisting of one transmitter and receiver. The transmitted ultrasonic signal is reflected from the receiver and returned to transmitter. Based on the received pulse width, distance from transmitter to receiver is calculated. This paper is based on the use of microcontroller MSP430F2274 and its development tool eZ430-RF2500 from whom is generated a packet of impulses with pause at frequency of 40 kHz to the transmitter. The received signal is amplified, filtered and digitalized. Distance of the transmitter is determined from the data of the signal delay compared to the beginning of the signal transmission. Signal reflections are found by measuring at different linear distances. To determine position, there are placed a minimum of three receivers around the edges of the measurement space and an object within measurement space that has transmitter on. Finally, algorithm is based on the calculation of the intersection of three circulars whose radius are the distances between transmitter and receivers.

• Keywords: ultrazvučni senzor; piezoelektrični efekt; mikrokontroler; mjerenje udaljenosti; refleksija; ultrazvučno određivanje udaljenosti i položaja
• Keywords (english): ultrasonic sensor; piezoelectric effect; microcontroller; distance measurement; reflection; ultrasonic determination of distance and position
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:168:393238
• Study programme: Title: Electrical Engineering and Information Technology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike i informacijske tehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike i informacijske tehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2018-02-06 07:40:09