Sustav upravljanja gibanjem električnog tramvaja u kritičnim situacijama

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Control driving system of electric tram in critical situations
• Author: Fran Raos
• Mentor: Marija Seder (mentor)
• Committee member: Marija Seder (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Petrović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Juraj Peršić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Electrical Engineering

Abstract

Električni tramvaj je gradsko prijevozno sredstvo koje je zastupljeno u većini Europskih
gradova. Konkretno u Zagrebu predstavljaju neizbježan oblik prijevoznog sredstva.
Često se nalazi u interakciji s pješacima i drugim oblicima gradskog prijevoza
te se zato nerijetko stvaraju kritične situacije. U ovome završnom radu proučavalo se
gibanje tramvaja prilikom pojave kritične situacije. Prvo se morao odrediti dinamiˇcki
model tramvaj korištenjem sila. Napravljena se dva dinamička modela, jedan za gibanje
tramvaja na ravnoj pruzi te drugi za gibanje tramvaja u zavoju. U teoriji tramvaj
može imati veliku akceleraciju, no ona mora biti ograničena zbog osiguravanja sigurnosti
i udobnosti putnika. Ako bi iznos akceleracije bio prevelik mogao bi uzrokovati
gubitak ravnoteže te posljedično pad i ozlijede putnika. U ovome radu navedene su
vrijednosti graničnih i akceleracija i njenih promjena raznih istraživanja pri kojim putnici
počinju osjećati gubitak ravnoteže ili neudobnost. Osim toga navedeni su uzroci
koji dovode do kritične situacije te ograničenja koja se moraju uzeti u obzir prilikom
stvaranja reference kočenja u kritičnoj situaciji. Zatim je napravljen model tramvaja
prema aproksimativnim vrijednostima na kojima su se testirale napravljene reference
kočenja. Model tramvaja, motora i referenci kočenja napravljeni su u MATLABU
korištenjem Simulinka.

Abstract (english)

Electric tram is an urban transportation system which is highly represented in most
cities on the European continent. Specifically in Zagreb it is an inevitable trasportation
method. It is often in interaction with pedestrians and other forms of urban transport
and because of it critical situations appear. In this paper the motion of the tram during
critical situations was studied. In the beginning the dynamic model of the tram using
forces had to be conducted. Two dynamic models were created, first one for the motion
of the tram on a tangent track and second for the motion on a curved track. In theory
tram can create a large value of acceleration but it has to be limited because of securing
safety and stability of passengers. If the accleration is too big it could cause loss of
balance and consequently passenger injuries. In this paper the limits of acceleration
and jerk on which passengers start to lose balance and feel discomfort from different
papers are listed. Besides that the causes of critical situations are listed as well as
limitations that have to be used when creating a braking reference for a critcal situation.
In the end a model of the tram was created using approximative values on which the
braking references were tested. The model of tram, motor and braking reference were
made in MATLAB using Simulink.

• Keywords: tramvaj; kritična situacija; referenca kočenja; sustav upravljanja; dinamički model; matlab; simulink; udobnost putnika; granične akceleracije; granične promjene akceleracija
• Keywords (english): tram; critical situations; braking reference; control driving system; dynamic model; matlab; simulink; passenger comfort; limit accelerations; limit jerk
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:168:078913
• Study programme: Title: Electrical Engineering and Information Technology; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike i informacijske tehnologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike i informacijske tehnologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2019-03-14 00:21:37